Situated in the delta of the Padma (Ganges) River in South Asia, Bangladesh has a large population, of which the vast majority are Bengali. As one of the most densely populated countries in the world, its unique location is also one of its most detrimental factors in terms of development, as it is susceptible to extreme flooding from yearly monsoon rains and cyclones. The economy is largely dependent on agriculture which, being seasonal, contributes to high seasonal unemployment. Famously, Bangladesh is also home to a large number of Rohingya refugees, with up to a million residing in the Cox’s Bazar area of the capital, Dhaka. Despite reaching lower-middle income status, the country still faces significant challenges in terms of further poverty reduction, extreme exposure to climate change, and the need to advance gender equality.